Know the history of Indonesia, one
of which there Bandung Bandung Fire events. The events that took place in
Pasundan land started from a battle between the youth and TKR against the
Japanese army in September and October 1945. On 9 October 1945, the battle
between the people of Bandung and TKR against the Japanese army could be
resolved peacefully. The
people of Bandung and TKR managed to get weapons from weapons and gunpowder
factories in Kiaracondong. However, along with it came allied troops entered
the city of Bandung on 21 October 1945. The arrival of the allied forces made the atmosphere of
Bandung became tense. Small
battles are inevitable.
GROUP TASK
STORES “BANDUNG SEA OF FIRE”
Arranged By :
1.
………………….
2.
………………….
3.
…………………..
4.
……………………
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SALAFIYAH LAHAR
School Year 2017/2018
FOREWORD
Gratitude, we
climb right to the presence of Allah SWT. who has given us his grace and grace so we can do this paper
timely about History of the Bandung Events of
the Lake of Fire Hopefully paper this
can add to our knowledge.
We realize
that the papers we make are far from perfect then we expect criticism and
suggestions to friends and the history advocate teacher of this nation's struggle.
CHAPTER
I
PRELIMINARY
Background
Medan Area War, which occurred in
Medan on February 15, 1947, is considered more to describe the heroic attitudes
of several other wars against Dutch colonialism. The secretary of the Center
for History and Social Sciences (Pussis) of Medan State University Erond
Damanik said based on the review, then Medan Area war is not
less important when compared with other war in Surabaya, November 10, 1945
which finally led to the title "Arek-Arek Suroboyo".
Term Bandung Sea of Fire became
a well-known term after the scorched earth. General AH
Nasution is
the TRI General who at the meeting at Regentsweg (now
Road Dewi
Sartika ),
after returning from his encounter with Sutan
Sjahrir in Jakarta ,
decided the strategy to be undertaken against the city of Bandung after
receiving the British ultimatum. The events that occurred in Pasundan land that
originated from a battle between the youth and TKR against the Japanese army in
September and October 1945. On October 9, 1945, the
battle that occurred between the people of Bandung and TKR against the Japanese
army can be resolved peacefully.
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. History of the Bandung Events of
the Lake of Fire
Know the history of Indonesia, one
of which there Bandung Bandung Fire events. The events that took place in
Pasundan land started from a battle between the youth and TKR against the
Japanese army in September and October 1945. On 9 October 1945, the battle
between the people of Bandung and TKR against the Japanese army could be
resolved peacefully. The
people of Bandung and TKR managed to get weapons from weapons and gunpowder
factories in Kiaracondong. However, along with it came allied troops entered
the city of Bandung on 21 October 1945. The arrival of the allied forces made the atmosphere of
Bandung became tense. Small
battles are inevitable.
When allied forces feel pressed,
allies give ultimatum so that all people of Bandung no later than 29 November
1945, 12 o'clock to leave North Bandung . However,
until the deadline is determined, the people of Bandung do not obey. On March
24, 1946, allies issued an ultimatum again for the people of Bandung to leave
the city of Bandung. However,
again the ultimatum was ignored. As a result, the battle was inevitable. Thousands of people began to leave
the city of Bandung. Army
of the Republic of Indonesia deliberately set fire to government buildings
located in the city of Bandung. That is, so the allies can not use it again. Smoke soared. The city of Bandung into a lake of fire .
1. Bandung sea of fire
The city of Bandung entered the UK in
October 1945 the allies requested the disposal of Japanese soldiers by TKR
submitted to allies on 21 november 1945 allies mengultimatum for the city bandungdikosongkan
this is not ignored by TRI and the people of Indonesia, The ultimatum order was
repeated on 23 March 1946. the government of RI in Jakarta
ordered TRI to empty the bandung, but the leadership of TRI in Yogjakarta
instructed that the bandung not be emptied eventually with western heart TRI
emptying the city bandung, before outBandung on 23 March 1946 the fighters RI
attacked the allies headquarters and burned south bandung. To
commemorate the event ismail marzuki enshrine in a song halo-halo bandung
Troops English part
of the MacDonald Brigade arrived in Bandung on October
12th 1945 . From
the beginning their relationship with the government of Indonesia has been
tense. They demanded that all firearms in
the hands of the population, except for TKR and Police ,
submitted to them. Newly freed Dutchmen from the prison camp began to engage in
actions that began to disrupt security. As a result, armed
clashes between the UK and TKR are inevitable. Date night November
24th 1945,
TKR and the struggle bodies launched an attack on British positions in the
north, including Hotel
Homann and Hotel
Preanger which
they use as headquarters. Three days later, MacDonald conveyed an ultimatum to the
Governor of West Java for North Bandung vacated by the Indonesian population,
including the armed forces. The Allied Army's allies Army
of the Republic of Indonesia (TRI, TNI at
that time) left the city of Bandung pushed TRI to
perform operation " bumihangus " The party fighters Republic
of Indonesia no willing
if the city of Bandung used by the Allies and NICA. Decisions
to burn down Bandung taken
through the deliberation of Madjelis
Persatoean Perdjoangan Priangan (MP3) in the presence of all forces of the Republic of
Indonesia's struggle, on March
24th 1946 [2] . Colonel Abdoel
Haris Nasoetion as
Commander of the Third Division TRI announced
the results of the deliberations and ordered the evacuation of Bandung . [ citation needed] ] Later
that day, a large group of Bandung residents flowed long leaving the city
of Bandung and that night
the burning of the city took place.
Bandung deliberately burned by TRI
and local people with the intention that the Allies can not use Bandung as a
strategic military headquarters. Everywhere black smoke billowed
up in the air and all the electricity went dead. The British
troops began to attack so that a fierce battle ensued. The
biggest battles took place in the Village Dayeuhkolot ,
south of Bandung, where there are ammunition
warehouse large
of the Allied Forces. In this battle Muhammad
Toha and Ramdan ,
two members of the BRI (Indonesian Barisan Rakjat) militia plunge into missions
to destroy the ammunition warehouse. Muhammad Toha
successfully blew the warehouse with dynamite . The
large warehouse exploded and burned with both militia in it. The Bandung city government
staff will initially remain in the city, but for the sake of their
safety, then at 21.00 it also participated in the group evacuating from
Bandung. Since then, at approximately 24.00 South Bandung has been
empty of the population and TRI.But the fire still
soars the city, so that Bandung becomes a lake of fire.
The burning of Bandung is considered
an appropriate strategy within War
of Independence of Indonesia because
the strength of TRI and the people's militias is not comparable to the enormous
power of the Allies and NICA. After the event, TRI with the
people's militia conducted a guerrilla resistance from outside Bandung. This
event inspired the song Hello
hello Bandung the name
of the creator is still the material debate .
A few years later, the song "Halo, Halo Bandung" is
officially written, into the memory of the emotion
that the freedom fighters of the Republic of Indonesia experienced at that
time, waiting to return to their beloved city which has become a sea of fire.
2. Origin
of the term
Term Bandung Sea of Fire became
a well-known term after the scorched earth. General AH
Nasution is
the TRI General who at the meeting at Regentsweg (now
Road Dewi
Sartika ),
after returning from his encounter with Sutan
Sjahrir in Jakarta ,
decided the strategy to be undertaken against the city of Bandung after
receiving the British ultimatum.
"So I came back from Jakarta, after talking to Sjahrir. Indeed
in that conversation at Regentsweg, at that meeting, talk to everyone. Well,
there arose opinions from Rukana, Commander of the Military Police in Bandung. He
said, "Let's make South Bandung into a lake of fire ."
What he calls the lake of fire , but the water of the
sea. "- AH Nasution, May
1st 1997
Term Bandung
Sea of Fire appear
also in daily Suara
Merdeka date March
26th 1946 . A journalists young
at the time, ie Atje
Bastaman ,
witnessed the Bandung burning scene from the hill Mount
Leutik around Pameungpeuk , Garut . From
the peak it Atje Bastaman saw Bandung being flushed from Cicadas up
to you Cimindi .
Upon arrival Tasikmalaya ,
Atje Bastaman excitedly immediately wrote the news and gave the title " Bandoeng
Djadi Laoetan Fire ". But due to the
lack of space for the title text, the title of the news shortened to " Bandoeng
Laoetan Fire ".
In March 1946, within seven hours, some 200,000 inhabitants
made history by burning their houses and possessions, leaving the city of
Bandung to the mountains to the south. A few years later, the song
"Halo-Halo Bandung" was written to symbolize their emotions, as a
promise to return to the beloved city, which has
become a sea of fire
3. Incident Perobekan Flag
After the
Proclamation of Independence August 17, 1945, Indonesia has not been fully
independent. Independence
must be achieved little by little through the struggle of the people who are
willing to sacrifice everything. After Japan lost, British troops came to disarm Japanese
troops. They conspired with the Dutch (NICA
troops) and used the Japanese to colonize Indonesia again. News
reading of the Proclamation of Independence text from Jakarta was received in
Bandung via Domei News Agency on Friday morning, August 17, 1945. The next day, August 18, 1945, the
printed text had been scattered.Printed in red ink by Siliwangi Printing. In DENIS Building, Jalan Braga (now
Bank Jabar Building), the incident broke the blue color of the Dutch flag, so the color was red and
white became the flag of Indonesia. The tearing of the bayonet was done by an Indonesian young
man named Mohammad Endang Karmas, assisted by Moeljono.
On August
27, 1945 the People's Security Service (BKR) was formed, followed by the
formation of the Indonesian Laskar Wanita (Laskar Wanita Indonesia or LASWI) on
October 12, 1945. Thenumber of its members was 300 people, consisting of combat
troops, Red Cross, investigations and supplies. Events
that made things worse happened on November 25, 1945. In addition to facing enemy
attacks, the people are facing massive floods of overflowing Cikapundung River. Hundreds of victims were carried
away and thousands of residents were left homeless. This situation is used by the enemy
to attack the people who are facing disaster.
Various pressures and attacks
continue to be done by the British and Dutch. On December 5, 1945, several
British aircraft bombed the Great Lengkong area. On December 21, 1945, the British
dropped bombs and a barrage of gunfire at Cicadas. Victims are falling more and more.
4. Bandoeng Laoetan Fire
Ultimatum for the Army of the
Republic of Indonesia (TRI) to leave the city and the people, gave birth to politics
"bumihangus". People
are not willing to use the city of Bandung by the enemy. They flee south with the fighters. The decision to annihilate Bandung
was taken through the deliberation of the Majelis Kesjuangan Perjuangan
Priangan (MP3) Council in the presence of all the forces of the struggle, on 24
March 1946.
Colonel Abdul Haris Nasution as
Commander of Division III, announced the results of the deliberations and
ordered the people to leave the city of Bandung. Later that day, a large group of
Bandung residents flowing long left the city .
Bandung
deliberately burned by TRI and the people with the intention that the Allies
can not use it again. Here
and there black smoke billowed up in the air. All power is off. The British began to attack so a
fierce battle ensued. The
most intense fighting took place in Dayeuhkolot Village, south of Bandung,
where there was a large Allied munition factory. TRI intends to destroy the powder
barn. For that was sent youth Muhammad
Toha and Ramdan. The
two young men managed to blow up the barn with hand grenades. The huge barn exploded and caught
fire, but the two young men also burned in it.Bandung city government staff will initially stay in the city, but for the sake of safety
then at 21.00 it also come out of town. Since then, at approximately 24.00 South Bandung has been
empty of the population and TRI. But the fire still burns the city. And Bandung was turned into a lake of fire .
The
scorched earthquake of Bandung is the right action, because the power of TRI
and the people will not be able to fight against the enemy of great power. Further TRI with the people to
conduct a guerrilla resistance from outside Bandung. This incident gave birth to the
song "Halo-Halo Bandung" is eager to burn the power of the people of
Indonesia.
Bandung
Lautan Api then became the famous term after the burning incident. Many wonder where this term begins. The late Great General AH Nasution
recalled meeting at Regentsweg (now Jalan Dewi Sartika), after returning from
his meeting with Sutan Sjahrir in Jakarta, to decide what action would be taken against Bandung after receiving the British
ultimatum.
THE
IMPACT OF THE BANDUNG LAUTAN API
1. Impact on the Indonesian People :
Bandung
Fire Flood event is a huge loss for the people of Bandung, because of
infrastructure damage caused by the incident.Oleh because civilian houses also
burned causing harm to the people.
2. Impact on allies:
The impact
of the charred action of the "heroes" on the offensive motions of the
allies is by no means a hindrance. The offensive motions of the allies
who built the base around North Bandung were not constrained by the buildings
that were burned. Because the Allies had planned to attack the southern Bandung
area which is the base of the Army of the Republic of Indonesia. And the allies
are not much harmed by the burning action. also, large colonial-era buildings
with sturdy walls and structures that were attempted to be detonated by
local-made explosives by the TRI proved to have produced no significant damage.
Within weeks the buildings were reusable.
Other than
that, Dutch
NICA successfully mastered West Java entirely through the Renville Agreement
(17 January 1948) which pressured the Government of the Republic of Indonesia
to empty west Java from all Indonesian troops, following the failure of
military aggression July 20 - August 4, 1947.NICA violated the ceasefire and
continued to pound the base defense of Indonesian troops until January 1948.
Indonesian troops (Sliwangi Division) were forced to migrate to Central Java on
1 to 22 February 1948.
CHAPTER III
COVER
A. Conclusion
The Medan Field event stems from
the arrival of British soldiers (Allied) who are riding the NICA with the aim
of reviewing Japanese prisoners of war, but then turning to liberate prisoners. Furthermore
the allied army also builds up the power to restore its power which has been seized by Japan. The British side that should be a
disciplinarian even more sided with the Dutch.
The occurrence of the event of the
lake of fire started from the arrival of allies in October 1945 this event on
the back ground by the ultimatum allies to empty the city of Bandung on 21
November 1945 allies issued the first ultimatum contents of the northern city
of Bandung no later than 29 november 1945 emptied by the ultimatum fighters it
was not assumed to be continuing on 23 March 1946 the allies issued a back
ultimatum whose contents are almost identical to the first ultimatum
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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